In this study,a combination of experiments and simulations was used to analyse the interaction between lignin and the main nitrogenous components in biomass during co-pyrolysis and the distribution of nitrogenous products in the pyrolysis oil.The experimental results showed that the nitrogenous compounds in the product could reach 97%when glutamic acid was pyrolysed alone;when co-pyrolysis was carried out,the nitrogenous compounds in the product decreased to 10%;at high temperature,vanillin promoted the decarboxylation of glutamic acid and enhanced the yield of pyrrolidone.The simulation results showed that the best reaction pathway was the dehydra-tion condensation and the merad reaction between glutamic acid and the intermediate products of vanillin pyrolysis,guaiacol and o-methylenebenzoquinone,respectively,and there was a competitive relationship between them.
ligninglutamic acidco-pyrolysisnitrogenous productsdensity functional theory