热致形状记忆聚酰亚胺的合成及性能
Synthesis and properties of thermal-induced shape memory polyimide
马晟起 1赫洪如 1孔国强 1邵蒙 1闫龙 1马承燕 1张德宾 1袁宝国 1赵晓刚 2徐国芬 1袁文婕1
作者信息
- 1. 山东非金属材料研究所,济南 250031
- 2. 吉林大学化学学院,长春 130012
- 折叠
摘要
形状记忆聚酰亚胺(SMPI)是将具有良好的热稳定性、力学性能、耐腐蚀性和抗辐射性等特性的SMPI与可智能变形的形状记忆效应相结合而设计的新材料.以柔性二胺及扭曲结构二酐为单体,通过传统两步法制备了热致SMPI薄膜,采用傅里叶变换红外光谱、热重及热机械分析等方法对材料的结构、热性能及热力学性能进行分析,并通过双重、循环、步阶及弯折形状记忆测试对材料的多种形状记忆性能进行研究.结果表明,通过二胺与二酐成功制备SMPI.所制备的SMPI具有良好的热性能,在空气及氮气气氛下的5%热失重温度分别为502℃与506℃,玻璃化转变温度为267℃.此外,含柔性扭曲结构的聚合物链段在玻璃化转变温度以上作为可逆相为SMPI提供了高应变,而芳香结构带来的π-π堆积与链缠结以物理交联点的形式作为固定相,为SMPI提供了高的形状记忆固定率及回复率.其双重形状记忆的应变为121.9%,形状记忆固定率和回复率为99.7%和94.2%.并且,SMPI表现出多重形状记忆循环稳定性、步阶和弯折形状记忆性能,可作为新一代耐高温智能变形材料应用于可展开空间结构、智能喷气推进系统、高温传感器等领域.
Abstract
Shape memory polyimides(SMPI)are new materials designed by combining polyimides with good thermal stabili-ty,excellent mechanical properties,corrosion resistance and radiation resistance with the shape memory effect that can be intelligent-ly deformed.Herein,the flexible diamine and twisted structure dianhydride were used as monomers to manufacture thermal-induced SMPI film by traditional two-step method.The structure,thermal properties and thermodynamics properties of the SMPI were analyzed by infrared spectrum,thermogravimetric and thermodynamics analysis.Moreover,the comprehensive shape memory prop-erties of the SMPI were reseached in detail by dual-,cyclical-,step-and flexural-shape memory tests.The results show that poly-imide is successfully prepared by diamine and dianhydride.The prepared polyimide exhibits excellent thermal properties,with a 5% weight loss temperature of 502℃ and 506℃ under air and nitrogen atmospheres,and a glass transition temperature of 267℃.In addition,the polymer segments with flexible twisted structure provided high strain for SMPI as a reversible phase above the glass transition temperature,while the π-π stacking and chain entanglement caused by the aromatic structure provided high shape memory fixation rate and recovery rate for SMPI as a fixed phase in the form of physical crosslinking points.The strain of SMPI during dual shape memory test is 121.9%,shape memory fixation ratio and recovery ratio of shape memory are 99.7% and 94.2%,respectively.In addition,polyimide exhibits multiple shape memory cycle stability,multi-stage and flexural shape memory proper-ties,and can be used as a new generation of high-temperature resistant intelligent deformation materials in deployable space struc-tures,intelligent jet propulsion systems,high-temperature sensors and other fields.
关键词
形状记忆材料/聚酰亚胺/热稳定性/循环稳定性/弯折形状记忆性能Key words
shape memory material/polyimide/thermal stability/cyclic stability/flexural shape memory property引用本文复制引用
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据