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软黏土地基施工控制要点与实践综合分析

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为避免在软黏土地层上进行施工遇到降排水困难、开挖困难、基础作业面复杂等不良因素,造成工程的质量通病,甚至是工程事故的发生,论文通过对软黏土地质特性的研究及施工实践总结,得出采用轻型井点降水时,要重点控制井点管的布置及后期开挖方式;基底面积较大,不适合大放坡,采用水泥土搅拌桩做基坑围护时,要对水泥用量、搅拌方式、接缝等重点控制;围护体顶部压顶混凝土不能过长连续浇筑,应在 50~70 m长度范围内断开;开挖之后,基坑底部土体强度低、承压不足,标高应适当预留;土体含水率高,所有接触到土体部位,要求做好基础防水层,避免接缝断开;合理施工后浇带,避免因沉降变形影响结构安全;宽大、深厚的基础混凝土浇筑,需要采取合适的方法,控制混凝土水化热的释放,防止因温差、收缩引起的裂缝;墙板需要预留孔洞、施工缝等,需要采取补强方式加固.
Comprehensive Analysis of Construction Control Points and Practice of Soft Clay Foundation
In order to avoid adverse factors such as difficulty in lowering and drainage,difficulty in excavation and complexity of foundation work surface during construction on soft clay stratum,the quality of the project may be common and even the occurrence of engineering accidents.Through the study of the geological characteristics of soft clay and the summary of construction practice,it is concluded that the layout of well point pipe and the excavation method in the later period should be controlled with light well point precipitation.The base area is large,not suitable for large slope,cement soil mixing pile should be used as foundation pit enclosure,to cement dosage,mixing method,joint and other key control;the pressing concrete at the top of the enclosure should not be poured continuously for too long,and should be disconnected within the length range of 50~70m;After excavation,the soil at the bottom of the foundation pit has low strength and insufficient pressure,so the elevation should be properly reserved.Soil moisture content is high,all contact with the soil parts,require a good foundation waterproof layer,avoid joint disconnection;reasonable construction of post-pouring belt to avoid the impact of settlement deformation on structure safety;for large and deep foundation concrete pouring,appropriate methods should be taken to control the release of hydration heat of concrete and prevent cracks caused by temperature difference and shrinkage.The wall board needs to reserve holes,construction joints,etc.,should be reinforced.

soft clayfoundation pit enclosureexcavationprecipitationmain construction

张涛

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上海高架养护管理有限公司,上海 200439

软黏土 基坑围护 开挖 降水 主体施工

2025

工程质量
中国建筑业协会工程质量管理分会,国家建筑工程质量监督检验中心,中国建筑科学研究院

工程质量

影响因子:0.985
ISSN:1671-3702
年,卷(期):2025.43(1)