Comprehensive Comparison of Different Cooling Methods and Immersion Cooling Liquids for Lithium-ion Batteries
With the development of lithium-ion battery energy storage stations,efficient and safe battery thermal management systems have garnered increasing attention,making the prevention of thermal runaway a critical concern.This paper firstly introduces current battery thermal management methods,summarizing the advantages and disadvantages of various technologies in terms of temperature control,fire safety,and system cost.It identifies immersion liquid cooling as the most ideal thermal management technology for lithium-ion energy storage stations.Afterwards,based on the application requirements of lithium-ion battery energy storage stations,it proposes the main technical specifications for an ideal immersion cooling liquid and summarizes five commonly used types of cooling liquids including fluorinated liquids,hydrocarbons,silicone oils,esters,and water-based liquids.Meanwhile,it also describes their respective key performance parameters and characteristics of representative products.Finally,the five types of cooling liquids are quantitatively evaluated based on five criteria such as insulation properties,fire safety,heat dissipation,fluidity,and environmental friendliness.The future research directions for immersion liquid cooling technology and immersion cooling liquids are also discussed.