A Comprehensive Chemical Experiment——Synthesis of Polyaniline
Polyaniline has attracted wide attention due to its unique electrical,optical,good stability,low cost,easy preparation and wide range of applications.Polyaniline can be prepared by chemical oxidation polymerization and electrochemical polymerization.The aim of this experiment is to provide students with a fast and practical method for preparing polyaniline conducting polymers and to demonstrate its wide application.Chemical oxidation polymerization is a kind of simple synthesis,fast and practical,low cost of raw materials and can be used to prepare large-scale polyaniline.The chemical oxidation polymerization of aniline is carried out in a strong acidic solution by adding an oxidant ammonium persulfate,which polymerization into doped polyaniline.Polymerization is characterized by color changes during slow induction followed by a sudden increase in temperature during the polymerization stage due to the self-accelerating nature of the exothermic reaction.The doped PANI is easy to be dedoped by reacting with alkali to become emerald imine base,which is blue and non-conductive.The emerald imine base form of PANI can react with proton acid and be doped to become emerald imine salt again,which makes it green and conductive,thus expanding the application range of polyaniline.
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