This article elaborates on the laboratory preparation process of carbon fibers and calculates their thermal conductivity.The experimental process revolves around the preparation of carbon fibers using electrospinning technology(all preparation equipment and materials are sourced from the laboratory of the School of Chemical Engineering,Inner Mongolia University of Technology).Electrospinning technology has unique advantages in the preparation of composite fibers.This article also provides a detailed analysis and outlook on the application of carbon fiber in aerospace,automotive manufacturing,construction,medical equipment,and sports equipment.