Study on Pharmacological Action and Acute Toxicity of Streptocaulon Griffithii Extracts
Objective:To investigate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects and acute toxicity of Streptocaulon griffithii extracts.Methods:For the analgesic experiment,writhing test and hot-plate pain test were used.In each test,80 mice were randomly and evenly divided into 8 groups,namely the saline group,the aspirin group(0.2 g/kg·d-1),the low-,medium-,and high-dose S.griffithii water/alcohol extract groups(0.5 g/kg·d-1,1 g/kg·d-1,2 g/kg·d-1).Intragastric administration was performed once daily for 5 days in each group,then the effects of drugs on the pain response to chemical and hot electrode plate stimulation were observed at different time after pretreatment.For the anti-inflammatory experiment,the xylene-induced mouse ear swelling test was used.40 mice were randomly divided into 4 groups,i.e.the blank control group(distilled physiological saline solution of the same volume was given),the aspirin positive control group(0.5 g/kg·d-1),the low-and high-dose S.griffithii alcohol extract groups(1 g/kg·d-1 and 2 g/kg·d-1).Intragastric administration was performed once daily for 7 days in each group.1 h after the last administration,20 μL of xylene was applied to right ears of the mice to induce inflammation.The animals were sacrificed after one hour,both of their ears were cut off and ear pieces were made using a 6-mm hole puncher.The ear pieces were weighed,and the weight of left ears was subtracted from that of right ears to estimate the degree of swelling.The maximum administration dosage of S.griffithii water/alcohol extracts were determined using intragastric administration in the acute toxicity test.Results:In the writhing test,the number of writhings was significantly reduced and the writhing latency was prolonged in the high-dose alcohol extract group,the low-and high-dose water extract groups,and the aspirin group as compared with the saline group(P<0.01),and no significant differences were observed between the high-dose alcohol extract group,the low-and high-dose water extract groups and the aspirin positive control group.In the hot-plate pain test,the medium-and high-dose alcohol extracts,the low-and high-dose water extracts,and aspirin could notably increased the pain threshold of mice 30 min,60 min,and 90 min post-administration vs.pre-administration(P<0.05).The anti-inflammatory test demonstrated that both the high-dose alcohol extract and aspirin could remarkably suppressed swelling in mouse ears and were effective in anti-inflammation.The acute toxicity test showed that the maximum administration dosage for S.griffithii water and alcohol extracts was 212.4 g∙kg-1(crude drug)and 306.0 g∙kg-1(crude drug),respectively.Conclusion:The extracts of S.griffithii have the effect of anti-inflammation and pain killing,and their acute toxicity is low when extracted with water and alcohol.
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