随着智能时代到来,人工智能教育逐渐从高等教育扩展至K-12阶段,并成为研究焦点.为了解国际K-12人工智能教育研究现状,运用系统性文献综述法,对Web of Science、ScienceDirect、Wiley和ERIC等数据库中发表于2020-2024年的实证研究文献进行梳理和总结.结果表明,该领域文献数量逐年上升,亚洲地区发文量领先;研究主要集中于中小学阶段,对学前阶段关注度较低;研究方法主要采用实验设计和混合方法,新兴研究方法应用有限;研究主题聚焦于"人工智能课程开发""学生学习动态""教师专业发展"三个方面,其中"人工智能课程开发"主题涵盖"整合形式""内容模块""教学方法""教学工具"及"学习成果评估"五个二级指标.基于文献综述结果,建议未来研究加快探索学前阶段人工智能教育;推动情境化人工智能课程开发;整合正式课程与非正式学习;合理延长课程周期;鼓励使用设计导向学习方法和真实数据;构建标准化学习成果评估.
Current Status and Implications of Empirical Research on International K-12 Artificial Intelligence Education:A Systematic Literature Review
With the advent of the intelligent era,artificial intelligence(AI)education has gradually expanded from higher education to K-12 stage,becoming a research focus.In order to understand the current situation of international K-12 AI education research,this systematic literature review analyzed empirical studies published between 2020 and 2024 in databases such as Web of Science,ScienceDirect,Wiley,and ERIC.The results indicate a yearly increase in the number of publications,with Asia leading in the number of papers.Research mainly focuses on the primary and secondary school education,with limited attention to preschool education.The primary methods utilized are experimental design and mixed-methods research,with limited adoption of emerging research methodologies.Key research themes include:"AI curriculum development","student learning dynamics,"and"teacher professional development",with"AI curriculum development"covering five secondary indicators:"integration formats","content modules","pedagogical methods","teaching tools",and"learning outcome assessments".Future research should accelerate the exploration of AI education in preschool stage,promote contextualized AI curriculum development,integrate formal curriculum and informal learning,reasonably extend course duration,encourage design-oriented learning methods and real data,and construct standardized assessments of learning outcomes.
artificial intelligenceartificial intelligence educationsystematic literature reviewK-12
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
