摘要
掌握树种生长发育特性是贯彻适地适树原则的基础,对森林质量提升具有重要意义.本文以广东省东江林场15 个阔叶树种人工林为研究对象,对比分析 16 a生和 7 a生林分生长变化,以期为丘陵地区造林树种选择提供参考.结果表明:15 个树种间 16 a生胸径、树高和冠幅差异显著(P<0.05).相对于造林后7 年内的生长表现,红锥Castanopsis hystrix、翻白叶树Pterospermum heterophyllum、南酸枣Cho-erospondias axillaris等在8～16 a生长速度下降明显;木荷Schima superba、黧蒴Castanopsis fissa、火力楠Michelia macclurei等则生长较快.通过聚类分析将 15 个树种分为三类,南酸枣、荷木、黧蒴、火力楠、山杜英Elaeocarpus sylvestris、山桂花Paramichelia baillonii、西南桦Betula alnoides属于速生树种,樟树Camphora officinarum、青冈Quercus glauca、阴香Cinnamomum burmanni、海南红豆Ormosia pinnata、枫香Liquidambar formosana、翻白叶树、红锥属于中等速生树种,格木Erythrophleum fordii属于慢生树种.研究通过对比各地树种的生长表现,提出丘陵地区树种选择和应用建议,对森林质量提升具有指导意义.
Abstract
Mastering the growth characteristics of tree species is the important foundation for implementing the principle of species-site matching,and plays an important role in forest quality improvement.Plantations of 15 broad-leaved tree species were investigated in Guangdong Dongjiang Forest Farm,and their tree growth per-formance at 16 and 7 years old was compared to reveal their growth stability,aiming to provide a reference for tree species selection in hilly areas in South China.The results showed that there were differences in diameter at breast height,tree height,and crown width among 15 tree species when 16 years old.The growth rate of Cas-tanopsis hystrix,Pterospermum heterophyllum,and Choerospondia axilaris decreased remarkably during eight to 16 years old compared to those within seven years after planted,while Schima superba,Castanopsis fissa,and Michelia macclurei had faster growth rates from eight to 16 years old.The tree species could be divided into three categories through cluster analysis on the basis of their growth performance at 16 years old,the fast-grow-ing tree species include Choerospondias axillaris,Schima superba,Castanopsis fissa,Michelia macclurei,Elaeocarpus sylvestris,Paramichelia baillonii,Betula alnoides;Moderately fast growing tree species include Camphora officinarum,Quercus glauca,Cinnamomum burmanni,Ormosia pinnata,Liquidambar formosana,Pterospermum heterophyllum,Castanopsis hystrix;only Erythrophleum fordii belongs to the slow-growing tree species.Based on comparisons of the growth performance of these tree species in different regions of Guangdong province,some suggestions on tree species selection and application be pointed out in hilly regions,which could provide a reference for forest quality improvement.
基金项目
广州市科学技术局农业和社会发展科技项目(202206010058)
广州市林业和园林局部门预算项目(穗财编[2023]1号)
维普
万方数据