Study on the Purification Ability of Different Emergent Plants on Sediments of Four Water Bodies
In the water bodies of Guangzhou,the chemical properties of sediment vary significantly across different water bodies,necessitating the selection of suitable emergent plants tailored to local conditions to maxi-mize their landscape value and ecological restoration potential.Therefore,this study selected river channels,lakes and reservoirs,small water bodies,and coastal water bodies within Guangzhou to conduct purification ex-periments using common emergent plants:Cyperus involucratus,Ruellia simplex,Acorus calamus,Thalia dealbata,and Canna indica.A total of 20 treatments were set up,and after 120 days,the contents of organic matter,total nitrogen,total phosphorus,total potassium,ammonium nitrogen,and nitrate nitrogen in the sed-iment were measured.The removal rates of pollutants from the sediment by the plants were calculated,and the pollution levels of the sediment were evaluated using the organic pollution index method and the comprehensive pollution index method.The results indicated that the five plant species achieved organic matter removal rates ran-ging from 1.89%to 40.23%in the sediment.The removal rates for total nitrogen,total phosphorus,and total potassium were 5.19%to 36.30%,4.71%to 48.48%,and 4.21%to 40.78%,respectively.For ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen,the removal rates were 14.80%to 73.06%and 13.75%to 92.95%,respectively.All five plant species were able to purify the sediment in river channels to a clean level.Canna indica demon-strated the best purification ability in coastal water body sediment,reducing it to a mildly polluted state.Ruellia simplex and Canna indica showed better purification effects in the sediment of small water bodies and lakes and reservoirs.
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