In traditional crop genetics research,protein-coding genes have always been the primary focus.However,recent scientific advances have revealed the critical role of non-coding genetic resources in regulating key agronomic traits such as crop yield,quality,and resistance.These non-coding genetic resources include regulatory non-coding RNAs,constitutive non-coding RNAs,non-coding regions of genes,nucleic acid aptamers,and small peptides derived from non-coding sequences.They play crucial roles in gene expression regulation,cellular metabolism,genome stability,and biotechnological applications.The rapid development of high-throughput sequencing technologies,bioinformatics,and functional genomics has provided technical support for the systematic discovery and functional study of these non-coding genetic resources.In the field of crop breeding,the precise regulatory features of non-coding genetic elements offer new strategies for improving agronomic traits,surpassing the limitations of traditional protein-coding gene research.These studies not only reveal the diverse functions and refined regulatory mechanisms of non-coding sequences in controlling complex crop traits but also demonstrate immense application potential.This paper comprehensively reviews the progress in research on non-coding genetic resources in regulating agronomic traits,systematically categorizing these elements and examining their origins and evolutionary background.It discusses in detail the regulatory mechanisms and networks through which these non-coding elements influence critical agronomic traits in crops.Finally,the article explores the potential applications of non-coding genetic resources in crop breeding and presents future directions for their development in genetic improvement.By systematically summarizing current research findings,this review aims to provide a solid theoretical foundation for future studies and promote the innovative application of non-coding genetic resources in crop genetic improvement.
关键词
非编码调控序列/农艺性状/基因表达调控/作用机制/作物遗传改良
Key words
non-coding regulatory sequences/agronomic traits/gene expression regulation/mechanisms of action/crop genetic improvement
维普
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