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2022年广东省气候特征及其影响

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2022年全省年平均气温22.2℃,与常年基本持平,但各月气温起伏波动大;高温日数31.8 d,为历史第2多,其中7月出现历史第2强高温过程.年平均降水量2 057.6 mm,较常年偏多14%,但阶段性明显.3月24日开汛,较常年偏早18 d,前汛期出现了近20年最强5月暴雨过程以及有气象记录以来第3强"龙舟水",北江发生超百年一遇洪水.初台偏晚,全年共有5个台风登陆和1个台风严重影响,登陆个数较历史平均偏多1.3个.2月出现历史同期少见的持续低温阴雨寡照天气.9-10月温高雨少,气象干旱严重.灰霾日数继续维持较低水平.2022年广东省气象灾害严重,气候影响综合评价为较差年景.
Climatological Characteristics for Guangdong Province in 2022 and the Effect Discussion
In 2022,the annually averaged air temperature was 22.2℃ in Guangdong,which was gen-erally the same as usual though with large month-to-month fluctuations.The number of high-temperature days was 31.8 d,the second most since the meteorological record began,and July 2022 experienced a process of high temperature that was only next to the historical maximum.The annually averaged rainfall was 2 057.6 mm,a 14%increase than usual but with significant periodicity.On March 24,the main rainy sea-son set off in the province,which was 18 days earlier than usual.In the April-June rainy season,there oc-curred a hard rain process in May that was the most intense of the month for the past 20 years and a Dragon-boat Rain that ranked the third in record in intensity.Floods took place in the Beijiang River that had never been seen for over a hundred years.The earliest typhoon visit of the year was later than usual and five ty-phoons made landfalls and one left with serious aftermaths over the course of the year.The number of ty-phoon landfalls was 1.3 more than the historical mean.February became the month that was rarely seen in history in terms of persistently low temperature,rainy and absent of sunshine.September and October were the two months with high temperature and little rain,exposing the province to a serious meteorological drought.The number of hazy days stayed at relatively low levels.In summary,as 2022 was marked with se-rious meteorological disasters in Guangdong,the year was comprehensively assessed as one with poor harvest due to climate impact.

climatologyprecipitationtemperatureclimatological characteristicsmeteorological dis-asterGuangdong province

郑璟、刘蔚琴、李文媛、庄燕洵

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广东省气候中心,广东广州 510640

气候学 降水 气温 气候特征 气象灾害 广东省

2022年度广东省级灾害防治及应急管理专项项目广东省气象局青年项目广东省气候中心科研项目

GRMC2021Q07QH202002

2024

广东气象
广东省气象学会

广东气象

影响因子:1.013
ISSN:1007-6190
年,卷(期):2024.46(3)