Characteristics of an X-band Phased Array Radar for a Severe Convective Weather in Dongguan
The data of an X-band phased array radar was used to analyze the process of a mixed-type severe convective weather that took place in southern Guangzhou and Dongguan on April 21,2023.The re-sults are shown as follows.(1)Triggered by a warm shear moving north from the sea,the weather of interest had favorable conditions of low-level warm advection forcing and moderate vertical wind shear,causing se-vere convection of hails,short-range intense rains and downbursts.(2)As detected by the radar,the mix-ture of rain and hail was characterized by high basic reflectivity,low differential reflectivity and low correla-tion coefficient.(3)The radar captured an ordinary hail cell storm,whose CC valley and ZDR column reflec-ted that warm and humid air currents lifted at the front edge to the super-cooled layer to form large-sized ice crystals,which descended near the storm center and melted to large-sized rain droplets or a mixture of rain and hail that was covered by a film of water.(4)For the formation of the downbursts,which resulted from the dragging effect of rain and the descent of melting hail,the radar displayed the features of diverging veloc-ity pairs at the near-surface layer.(5)The phased array radar was able to observe such pre-downburst varia-tions as the core of the storm reflectivity factor and the descent of storm top height.
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