首页|"既彼此远离,又相互靠近":约恩·福瑟戏剧中的伦理困境

"既彼此远离,又相互靠近":约恩·福瑟戏剧中的伦理困境

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在当代挪威剧作家约恩·福瑟的戏剧中,戏剧人物普遍处于难解或无解的伦理困境之中.根据伦理内涵与伦理身份的不同,福瑟戏剧人物的伦理困境大致具有三种不同的表现维度.其一,由于自由意志的放纵与自我身份的迷失,夫妻或恋人处于相互分裂和彼此矛盾的状态之中,普遍存在焦虑不安的男女婚恋伦理困境;其二,由于错位的身份认知与混乱的伦理选择,父亲与子女、母亲与子女处于对立矛盾或无语失语的状态之中,普遍存在悖立无解的家庭代际伦理困境;其三,由于主客二分的认知模式和理性逻辑,个体思想意识处于失衡矛盾的状态之中,普遍存在混乱分裂的个体思想伦理困境.总体上,福瑟戏剧中的伦理困境具有比较典型的象征性与悖反性品格、明显的碎片化与不确定性特征,呈现出既彼此远离又相互靠近、既彼此矛盾又相互依存的间性倾向.本质而论,福瑟戏剧中内涵丰富、形态多元的伦理困境,可视为后现代思潮和后人文浪潮中,新存在主义、新现实主义与新极简主义等新人文思潮对现代逻辑、启蒙理性和审美伦理的一种诗性颠覆与解构、修辞反拨与重构.
"Being Both Far Away from Each Other and Close to Each Other":The Ethical Dilemma in Jon Fosse's Plays
In the plays of contemporary Norwegian playwright Jon Fosse,the characters are generally in a difficult or unsolvable ethical dilemma.According to the different ethical connotations and identities,the ethical dilemma in Fosse's plays roughly has three different dimensions.Firstly,due to the indulgence of free will and the loss of self-identity,couples or lovers are in a state of mutual division and refutation,and there is a widespread ethical dilemma of anxiety and anxiety in male and female marriage and love.Secondly,due to misaligned identity cognition and chaotic ethical choices,fathers and children,as well as mothers and children,are in a state of opposition,contradiction,or speechlessness,resulting in a common dilemma of conflicting and unsolvable intergenerational family ethics.Thirdly,due to the cognitive mode of subject object dichotomy and rational logic,individual ideological consciousness is in a state of imbalance and contradiction,and there is a widespread confusion and division of individual ideological and ethical dilemmas.Overall,the ethical dilemmas in Fosse's plays have typical symbolic and paradoxical qualities,obvious fragmentation and uncertainty characteristics,and exhibit an inter sexual tendency that is both distant and close to each other,contradictory and interdependent.Essentially,the ethical dilemma with rich connotations and diverse forms in Fosse's plays can be regarded as a poetic overturning and deconstruction,rhetorical reversal and reconstruction of modem logic,enlightenment rationality,and aesthetic ethics by new humanistic trends such as neo-existentialism,neo-realism,and neo-minimalism in the postmodern wave.

Jon Fosse's playethical dilemmamarriage and lovefamily intergenerationalpersonal thoughtsethical identity

王树福

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黑龙江大学俄罗斯语言文学与文化研究中心

华中师范大学文学院

湖北文学理论与批评研究中心和国际文学伦理学批评研究中心

约恩·福瑟戏剧 伦理困境 男女婚恋 家庭代际 个人思想 伦理身份

教育部人文社会科学研究重大项目教育部"春晖计划"合作科研项目

19JZD030HZKY20220323

2024

广东外语外贸大学学报
广东外语外贸大学

广东外语外贸大学学报

CHSSCD
影响因子:0.331
ISSN:1672-0962
年,卷(期):2024.35(3)
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