Eperythrozoonosis is an infectious disease caused by Eperythrozoon suis,which is characterized by anemia,jaundice and fever.At the end of August 2022,a number of piglets died in a large-scale pig farm in Shandong Province.In order to investigate the causation of the disease,the infected piglets were dissected and diagnosed in the laboratory,and further confirmed by blood smear examination and fluorescent quantitative PCR detection.The results showed that the pathological changes of autopsy were mostly yellow staining and septicemic changes.A large number of red blood cells were deformed in the shape of star,zigzag and half-moon,which were in line with the characteristics of Eperythrozoonosis.The fluorescent quantitative PCR test result was positive,which also confirmed that the disease in this pig farm was caused by eperythrozoon infection.According to the diagnosis results,diseased piglets were treated with drugs and the epidemic situation was effectively controlled 5 days later.The diagnosis of this case combines modern molecular biology methods and classical detection methods,and the proposed treatment scheme has certain reference significance for large-scale pig farms in the prevention and control of Eperythrozoon.