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基于逆阻型IGCT器件的固态式直流断路器设计及研制

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直流系统是支撑高比例新能源接入与灵活高效用能的重要技术方向.固态式直流断路器(solid state DC circuit breaker,SSCB)具有开断速度极快、无电弧、寿命长等优点,在中低压直流系统的故障保护中得到广泛应用.随着电力电子器件的发展,固态式直流断路器的拓扑结构、工作性能也在不断进步.为此基于逆阻型集成门极换流晶闸管(intergated gate commutate thyristor,IGCT),提出了一种新型的固态式直流断路器结构及设计方法,通流支路采用逆阻IGCT反并联结构实现双向通流,缓冲支路采用金属氧化物避雷器(metal oxide varistor,MOV)-电容结构来抑制过电压,吸能支路采用MOV吸收系统能量.进一步地,给出了关键元器件的参数设计方法,并验证了有效性;设计了性能良好的重力热管散热器,单个模块散热功率可达700 W;提出了主被动结合的控保策略,提高断路器的保护性能.最后,研制了固态式直流断路器样机,可用于750 V以内的低压直流系统,额定通流可达2 kA,可在百微秒内开断10 kA故障电流,成本低、体积小、高可靠,具有良好的应用前景.
Design and Development of Solid-state DC Circuit Breaker Based on Reverse Blocking IGCT
DC systems are an important technical direction that supports a high proportion of new energy access and flexible and efficient energy use.Solid state DC circuit breaker has the advantages of extremely fast breaking speed,sim-ple structure,and service life,and is widely used in medium and low voltage DC systems.With the development of power electronic devices,the topology and working performance of solid-state DC circuit breakers are also constantly improving.Based on the reverse blocking intergrated gate commutated thyristor(IGCT),this paper proposes a new type of solid-state DC circuit breaker structure:the main branch adopts the reverse blocking IGCT anti-parallel structure to realize bidirec-tional flow.The snubber branch adopts the MOV-C structure to suppress overvoltage and AC harmonics wave.At the same time,the parameter design method of key components is given and verified,a gravity heat pipe radiator with 700 W heat dissipation power is designed,and a control strategy is proposed to improve the reliability of the circuit breaker.Fi-nally,a 750 V/2 kA solid-state DC circuit breaker prototype is developed and passes the long-term test and breaking test with 10 kA maximum turn-off current.It has the advantages of low cost,small size,high reliability and good application prospects.

DC transmission and distributionsolid-state DC circuit breakerreverse blocking IGCTanti-parallel struc-turesnubber branch design

严鑫、余占清、屈鲁、甘之正、任春频、曾嵘

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清华大学电机工程与应用电子技术系电力系统及发电设备控制和仿真国家重点实验室,北京 100084

清华四川能源互联网研究院直流研究中心,成都 610042

清华大学能源互联网创新研究院,北京 100084

直流输配电 固态式直流断路器 逆阻型IGCT 反并联结构 缓冲设计

国家自然科学基金国家自然科学基金国家重点研发计划台达中达学者计划(编号略)台达中达学者计划(编号略)

51922062522417012021YFB24016045192206252241701

2024

10.13336/j.1003-6520.hve.20230643

高电压技术
中国电力科学研究院　中国电机工程学会

高电压技术

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：2.32
ISSN：1003-6520
年,卷(期)：2024.50(2)
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