The construction of a digital and intelligent power grid relies on a large number of distributed electrical equipment status-monitoring sensors.Improving the power supply reliability of the sensors and realizing self-powered sensing are of great significance to expanding the depth and breadth of the equipment status sensing system.In recent years,micro-nano energy harvesting methods and devices represented by nanogenerators have attracted widespread atten-tion.They can convert diverse and dispersed mechanical energy,thermal energy,electromagnetic energy,etc.into electrical energy,by combining with micro-energy storage components and low-power micro-nano devices for self-powered sensing.This article focuses on the theme of micro-nano energy harvesting for self-powered electrical equipment status sensing.Firstly,the distribution characteristics of micro-energy in electrical equipment and its operating environment are introduced.Then,the principles and characteristics of micro-nano energy harvesting methods represented by thermoelectric nanogenerators,triboelectric nanogenerators,piezoelectric nanogenerators,magnetic field energy har-vesting generators,and hydrovoltaic generators are summarized,and their applicability in electrical equipment scenarios is analyzed.Furthermore,the latest progress in micro-energy harvesting and self-powered sensing of electrical equipment based on micro-nano energy devices is reviewed,and the main technical difficulties and potential solutions in the field are proposed.Finally,the prospects in development trends of micro-nano energy harvesting methods and devices are put for-ward,which is expected to provide reference and guidance for self-powered status monitoring and digital intelligence development.
关键词
自供电传感/微纳能源器件/纳米发电机/电力装备状态感知/微能量收集
Key words
self-powered sensing/micro-nano energy devices/nanogenerators/electrical equipment status sensing/mi-cro-energy harvesting
维普
万方数据