Research Progress on the Preparation and Application of Magnéli Phase Titanium Suboxide Ceramics
Magnéli phase titanium suboxides are a series of non-stoichiometric titanium oxides,which include Ti4O7,Ti5O9,Ti6O11,and Ti8O15.Among them,Ti4O7 exhibits the most exceptional electrical conductivity,reaching a theoretical value of up to 1 500 S·cm-1,approximately twice that of graphite.Moreover,Magnéli phase titanium suboxides demonstrate very robust corrosion resistance in both strong acid and alkali environments while maintaining a stable potential range above 3.0 V.These properties make them promising materials in various fields such as chemical power sources like lead-acid batteries,flow batteries,lithium-sulfur batteries,and renewable fuel cell,catalytic carriers for electrolyzing water,thermoelectric and optoelectronic materials,photocatalytic hydrogen production,and electrocatalytic oxidation and degradation of organic pollutants.Up to now,researchers have developed multiple methods for titanium suboxides.However,there are still challenges related to producing high-purity,single-phase,nano-or sub-micron-scale powders,large-sized bulk electrodes,and metal-based coating electrodes,which have limited the wide application of the titanium suboxide series products in the above-mentioned fields.Accordingly,this paper focuses on the preparation methods and application status of titanium suboxide powders,integrated electrodes,and coating electrodes,summarizing prospects for related materials.It provides research institutes and enterprises with reference,research ideas,and solutions based on the inherent characteristics of Magnéli phase titanium suboxide ceramics.
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