Current Progress in Preparation and New Energy Field Applications of Biomass-Based Hierarchically Porous Carbon Materials
Hierarchical porous carbons(HPCs)possess diverse pore structures with micro-pores providing a large specific surface area and abundant active sites,while mesopores and macropores serving as rapid pathways for particle transport,so HPCs demonstrated remarkable potential applications in fields such as new energy.There are many kinds of HPCs that have been developed,but most of them have complicated synthesis steps,complex process,and high requirements of feedstock materials or precursors.From the scientific and economic standpoints,selecting suitable carbon source and simple green preparation method is particularly critical for the synthesis of functional porous carbon materials.Biomass,as a widely available,carbon-rich,and renewable resource,becomes an ideal precursor for the preparation of HPCs.The structural characteristics of HPCs was introduced,the preparation methods of porous carbon and the types of biomass feedstock were reviewed.Due to the diversity of biomass feedstock materials,carbons with diversified pore structure can be designed.The specific surface area and pore volume of porous carbon materials can be improved through physical activation and chemical activation.The material structure was characterized by N2 physical sorbent instrument,scanning electron microscope(SEM),transmission electron microscope(TEM)and Raman spectrometer(Raman).In addition,the application prospects of biomass-derived HPCs in new energy fields such as supercapacitors and lithium-ion batteries were reviewed.The effects of pore structure and specific surface area of porous carbon materials on hydrogen storage and hydrogen release were briefly described.The results show that carbon materials with developed pore structure and higher specific surface area exhibited excellent performance in practical applications.Finally,the future research directions were proposed,which offered valuable guidance for subsequent studies on high-performance biomass-derived HPCs.
NETL
NSTL
万方数据
