Application of Plasma Technology in Energy Storage Materials:From Defect Engineering to Performance Optimization
As global demand for renewable energy continues to rise,the development of efficient,environmentally friendly,and cost-effective electrochemical energy storage technologies has become a key research focus.The performance of these devices largely depends on the properties of energy storage materials,especially electrode materials,which directly influence energy density,power density,and cycle life.However,traditional methods for material synthesis and modification are often constrained by high energy consumption,complex processes,and environmental pollution.Plasma technology,an emerging material processing technique,offers unique advantages.By introducing defects such as oxygen and sulfur vacancies,plasma can effectively modulate the electronic structure of materials,improving both conductivity and electrochemical performance.Moreover,plasma treatment enables rapid synthesis and surface modification at low temperatures,simplifying traditional processes and reducing energy consumption.This paper systematically reviews the application of plasma technology in energy storage materials,focusing on its role in defect engineering,elemental doping,and surface modification.Research shows that plasma treatment significantly improves materials'conductivity,ion diffusion,and cycling stability,particularly in applications such as lithium-ion batteries,sodium-ion batteries,and supercapacitors.Furthermore,plasma technology facilitates efficient impurity doping,ensuring uniform material structures and boosting electrochemical activity.Despite its promising laboratory performance,challenges such as high equipment costs and difficulties in controlling reaction precision continue to limit large-scale application.Future efforts should sim to optimize plasma processes,reduce costs,and integrate other advanced technologies to accelerate the industrialization of energy storage materials,thereby supporting the gowth of renewable energy systems.
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