Research Progress of Electrode Materials in Aqueous Sodium-Ion Batteries for Energy Storage
As the global energy crisis intensifies,the development and utilization of renewable energy sources such as wind,solar and tidal energy has become increasingly urgent.Thus,secondary batteries,as a key component of electrochemical energy storage technologies,are gaining prominence for their abilities to stabilize and ensure the smooth output of these green energy sources during their conversion into electric energy.Aqueous sodium-ion batteries are emerging as a focal point for future energy storage research,due to their advantages,including abundant raw material availability,high safety,fast ion-conductivity in aqueous electrolytes and straightforward assembly conditions.However,despite their promising potential,aqueous sodium-ion batteries face several challenges for the practical application,such as poor cycle stability,limited choices of electrode materials and low specific capacity.The narrow electrochemical stability window and poor chemical stability of the electrode material in aqueous electrolytes are the primary causes of these issues,which restrict the battery's lifespan and practical use.Consequently,optimizing existing electrode materials and developing new materials are critical to advancing research in this area.This review provides an overview of the key features of aqueous sodium-ion batteries,and summarizes the latest research progress on both positive and negative electrode materials,including their synthesis methods,structural designs,electrochemical properties and application prospects.Finally,the future development trends of aqueous sodium-ion batteries are discussed,with the goal of offering theoretical guidance for the development of new electrode materials and accelerating the advancement of this technology.
renewable energy sourceselectrochemical energy storageaqueous sodium-ion batteriescathodesanodescycling performancecharge and discharge capacitiesfuture developments
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