Poly(butylene succinate) (PBS) with high molecule weight was synthesized by direct polycondensation of succinic acid and 1,4-butanediol, and catalyzed by tetrabutyl titanate. Then this polymer was assembled with β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) in dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) in order to form β-CD-PBS inclusion complex (PBSIC). This new polypseudorotaxane was studied by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectra (~1H-NMR), wide angle X-ray diffraction (WAXD), and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC). The results indicate that PBS can interact with the hydroxyl groups inside the cavities of β-CD through non-covalent interactions, and form a channel crystal structure. Crystallization and melting behavior of PBS almost disappear in the inclusion complex due to the chains motion of PBS is limited by β-CD molecules.