摘要
石蜡基相变微胶囊具有相变潜热大、过冷度小、化学稳定性好、可用性广以及成本低等优点,成为了近年来的研究热点.文中首先介绍了 3类石蜡基相变微胶囊制备方法——化学法、物理机械法和物理化学法.化学法包括原位聚合法、悬浮聚合法、乳液聚合法以及界面聚合法;物理机械法包括喷雾干燥法和溶剂挥发法;物理化学法包括溶胶-凝胶法和凝聚法;并总结了上述方法对所制备微胶囊的熔融焓、包封率及导热率等性能的影响.然后阐述了该类微胶囊在建筑节能、太阳能、纺织品等领域的应用现状,最后对其今后的研究方向进行了展望.
Abstract
Paraffin-based phase change microcapsules have the advantages of large latent heat of phase change,small supercooling degree,good chemical stability,wide availability and low cost,and have become a research hotspot in recent years.In this paper,three kinds of preparation methods of paraffin-based phase change microcapsules were introduced:chemical method,physical-mechanical method and physical-chemical method.The chemical method includes in-situ polymerization,suspension polymerization,emulsion polymerization and interfacial polymerization.The physical-mechanical method includes spray drying method and solvent evaporation method.The physical-chemical method includes sol-gel method and condensation method.The effects of the above methods on the melting enthalpy,encapsulation efficiency and thermal conductivity of the prepared microcapsules were summarized.Then,the application status of this kind of microcapsules in the fields of building energy saving,solar energy,textiles and so on was expounded.Finally,the future research direction was prospected.
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