摘要
海藻酸盐主要由a-L-古罗糖醛酸(G)和其差向异构体β-D-甘露糖醛酸(M)构成,2种单元的含量、分布、空间结构等因素决定了海藻酸盐的性能.为明晰2种糖醛酸单元结构差异对糖醛酸低聚物和高聚物结构性能的影响,梳理分析了制备方法和结构特点,重点综述了不同糖醛酸组成、分布的海藻酸盐的溶解性、溶液流变性、稳定性、离子交换性、成凝胶特性和生物活性等,分析了不同M/G比对海藻酸盐纤维性能和医用敷料效果的影响,为推进海藻酸大分子在医用、卫用和纺织产业中进一步的应用提供参考.
Abstract
Alginate is mainly composed of α-L-guluronic acid(G)and its differential isomer β-D-mannuronic acid(M),and the content,distribution,and spatial structure of the two units directly determine the properties of alginate.In order to clarify the influence of the structural differences of the two glucuronic acid units on the structural properties of glucuronic acid oligomers and polymers,the preparation methods and structural characteristics were analyzed,focused on the solubility,solution rheology,stability,ion exchange,gel properties and biological activity of alginate with different glucuronic acid compositions and distributions,and the influence of different M/G ratios on the properties of alginate fibers and effects of medical dressings were analyzed.The results provide a reference for advancing the further application of alginate macromolecules in medical,sanitary and textile industries.
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