Due to its long chain structure, long chain branched polyethylene (LCB-PE) shows much excellent rheological behavior than the other polyethylene structure and can be used to modify the polymer process. Now, radiation, metallocene catalysts and hydrogenation of polybutadiene methods were used to prepare LCB-PE. In this paper, the principle, advantage and disadvantage of each method were reviewed. The radiation method can be easily applied in the industry scale. But the detail structure of the LCB-PE is hard to be characterized, and the equipment is highly requested to resist the high energy radiation. The preparation process of LCB-PE by metallocene catalysts can be easily controlled, and the LCB-PE can be characterized clearly. However, the technology is hard to application in China because the patents about metallocene catalysts. The LCB-PE prepared by the hydrogenation of polybutadiene method is well-controlled and well-defined, the length of main Chain and branch chain and the density of branch all can be controlled, but he produce is too complex and the cost is too high.