仿生天然高分子水凝胶在医用材料方面的应用
Biomimetic Natural Polymer Hydrogels for Medical Material Applications
刘志华 1林依洋 1陈爽 1韩顺玉 1姜男哲1
作者信息
摘要
天然高分子水凝胶具有高度水合的三维网络结构,显示出独特的粘附性,能有效地控制出血,减少二次感染,且生物相容性和生物降解性好,是一种理想的医用粘合剂材料.近年来,鉴于目前医用粘合剂研发制备中对水下湿粘性以及生物降解性能等要求越来越严格,具有耐水粘附性、生物安全性和形状可控性的新型粘附材料成为研究的热点和难点.自然界生物对各种基质的粘附性主要取决于其组成或结构,利用天然高分子水凝胶材料进行仿生,可以使其兼具优异的组织粘附性、止血抑菌性和形状可控性等特性,是解决上述问题的有效策略.本文概述了两种类型的仿生天然高分子水凝胶材料粘附机制,针对性地讨论了贻贝、藤壶、牡蛎的组成特性和咸水鱼、细胞外基质(extracellular matrix)的结构特点以及粘附机理,并介绍了相应仿生天然高分子水凝胶材料在组织愈合、伤口止血及药物递送方面的研究进展.最后,对仿生天然高分子水凝胶在未来的发展方向进行展望并为其提供相应的建议.
Abstract
Natural polymer hydrogels with a highly hydrated three-dimensional polymer network structure show unique adhesion properties that are highly efficient in controlling bleeding and reducing secondary infections.Moreover,they are biocompatible and biodegradable,making them an ideal material for medical adhesives.In recent years,in view of the increasingly stringent requirements for underwater wet viscosity and biodegradability in the research and development of medical adhesives,new adhesion materials with water resistance,biological safety and shape controllability have become a hot spot and difficult point in research.The adhesion of natural organisms to various substrates is mainly dependent on their composition or structure,and biomimetic use of natural polymeric hydrogel materials,which can combine excellent tissue adhesion,haemostasis and bacteriostatic properties and shape controllability,is an effective strategy to address these issues.This paper outlines the adhesion mechanisms of two types of bionic natural polymeric hydrogel materials,discusses the compositional properties of mussel,barnacle and oyster and the structural characteristics of saltwater fish and extracellular matrix as well as the adhesion mechanism in a targeted manner,and introduces the research progress of the corresponding bionic natural polymeric hydrogel materials in tissue healing,wound hemostasis and drug delivery.Finally,the future directions of bionic natural polymer hydrogels are presented and the suggestions are provided.
关键词
医用粘合剂/仿生设计/水凝胶/天然聚合物Key words
Medical adhesive/Bionic design/Hydrogel/Natural polymer引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家自然科学基金(22262034)
国家自然科学基金(22162027)
国家自然科学基金(21661031)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
维普
万方数据