随着能源消耗和环境污染的日益加剧,开发绿色、高效、环境友好的光电转换材料迫在眉睫.染料敏化太阳能电池(dye-sensitized solar cells,DSSC)作为第三代新型光伏电池,具有成本较低、制造简单和光电转换效率较高等特点,使其在可穿戴设备、移动电池和光伏建筑等领域获得应用.DSSC中的电解质对其光伏性能起着重要的决定作用,但由于传统液态电解质含有挥发性有机溶剂,导致器件会产生密封和泄漏的问题,影响电池的安全性和长期稳定性,限制了其应用范围.因此开发兼具稳定性和较高离子电导率的凝胶聚合物电解质(gel polymer electrolytes,GPE)是一个有效策略.本文综述了 DSSC的结构与发展现状,主要介绍了几种聚合物基凝胶电解质的研究进展及其对DSSC性能的影响;并结合影响GPE离子电导率的影响因素,简述了离子液体在电解质改性研究中的作用;同时,提出了基于GPE的DSSC性能改进策略.
Research Progress of Dye-sensitized Solar Cells and Their Gel Polymer Electrolytes
Given the escalating energy consumption and environmental pollution,there is an urgent need to develop photoelectric conversion materials that are green,efficient,and eco-friendly.Dye-sensitized solar cells(DSSC),representing the third generation of novel photovoltaic cells,are characterized by low cost,simple manufacturing and superior photovoltaic conversion efficiency,which has enabled their application in diverse areas,including wearable devices,mobile batteries and photovoltaic buildings.The electrolyte plays an important decisive role in the photovoltaic performance of DSSCs.However,traditional liquid electrolytes,which contain volatile organic solvents,can lead to sealing and leakage issues in devices.These problems not only compromise the safety of the batteries but also limit their long-term stability,thereby restricting its application.Therefore,the development of gel polymer electrolytes(GPE)that combine stability and high ionic conductivity emerges as an effective strategy.This work provides a review of the structure and current development of DSSCs,with a particular emphasis on the research progress on various polymer-based gel electrolytes and their impact on DSSC performance.Additionally,it briefly outlines the role of ionic liquids in electrolyte modification research,taking into account the factors that influence the ionic conductivity of GPE.Concurrently,a strategy for improving the performance of GPE-based DSSCs is proposed.
Dye-sensitized solar cellsGel polymer electrolytesIonic liquids
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