Preparation of Imidazole Salt Dendrimers Functionalized Walnut Shell Powder-based Catalysts and Application in N-formylation of CO2
Walnut shell(WS)powder,a kind of industrial waste of forest products,was used as raw material to prepare WS-based supports WS-Gn-IM(n=1,2,3)functionalized with imidazole salt dendrimers by multi-step chemical modification,and then the WS-based heterogeneous catalysts WS-Gn-FeCl3(n=1,2,3)were obtained by complexing WS-Gn-IM(n=1,2,3)with FeCl3.WS-Gn-FeCl3(n=1,2,3)were characterized by various characterization methods,such as Fourier-transform infrared(FTIR)spectroscopy,thermogravimetric analysis(TGA)and elemental analysis.In addition,WS-Gn-FeCl3(n=1,2,3)were used in the catalytic N-formylation reaction with CO2.The results showed that the generation of imidazole salt dendrimers had an important influence on the catalytic activity of the catalysts,and WS-G3-FeCl3 showed the highest catalytic activity.Using WS-G3-FeCl3 to catalyze the N-formylation reaction between organic amines and CO2(1.0 MPa),formamide compounds can be efficiently synthesized at a temperature of 100 ℃ for 1 h.WS-G3-FeCl3 could be easily recovered and reused at least 10 times without a significant reduction in activity.
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