Stretchable ionically conductive fibers hold great promise in the fields of flexible electronic devices,smart textiles,and human-machine interfaces.However,the scalable production of stretchable fibers with both high conductivity and elasticity remains a significant challenge.In recent years,pultrusion spinning has emerged as a promising technique for the continuous fabrication of ultrathin gel fibers at ambient conditions.Nevertheless,the reduction in fiber diameter often comes at the cost of significantly increased resistance,hampering their applications in smart sensing.To overcome this limitation,in this study,we introduce a one-step pultrusion spinning approach for the continuous production of highly elastic ionogel fibers.Our ionogel fiber is derived from a spinning dope containing poly(2-(dimethylamino)ethylacrylate)methyl chloride quarternary salt(PDMAEA-Q),poly(methacrylic acid)(PMAA),and an ionic liquid,l-ethyl-3-methylimidazolium ethyl sulfate(EMI ES).Upon water evaporation,PMAA chains undergo nanoconfinement through hydrogen bonding,forming numerous clusters dispersed within the ductile PDMAEA-Q matrix.Moreover,the employed ionic liquid,EMI ES,interacts with polymer matrix through various physical interactions,further modulating the mechanical and electric properties of the resulting fiber.Owing to its hierarchical phase-separated structure formed by spontaneous nanoconfinement,the ionogel fiber exhibits exceptional stretchability(707％elongation),remarkable transparency(98％),high elasticity(～9％residual strain),high ionic conductivity(0.12 S·m-1),and anti-freezing properties.Furthermore,the ionogel fiber is sensitive to humidity,temperature,and strain changes,enabling its high-resolution detection of different stimuli via electrical signals.This work paves the way for the design of advanced ionically conductive fibers,unlocking a myriad of possibilities in smart sensing applications.
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