摘要
在物联网飞速发展的智能时代,高分子光电材料具有更低的杨氏模量和更好的本征拉伸性,成为人机交互设备的理想选择.本文从平衡高分子光电材料电学(载流子传输需求)和力学(可拉伸需求)性能这一难点出发,根据可拉伸器件在人机交互中的应用功能,总结了供能、传感、神经接口和显示等功能模块材料/器件方面的创新性成果,分析了各功能器件及多功能集成面临的共性问题,并展望了智能人机交互系统的发展前景.介绍了本征可拉伸功能器件包括有机太阳能电池(OSCs)、有机热电器件(oTEGs)、离子电池、纳米发电机(NGs)和超级电容器(SCs),有机光电探测器(OPDs)、化学传感器和热传感器,多模态阵列电极(MEAs)和有机电化学晶体管(OECTs),有机电化学发光器件(OLECs)、有机电致变色显示器(OECDs)和有机发光二极管(OLEDs),有机场效应晶体管(OFETs)和多功能集成系统等.分析表明,可拉伸高分子光电材料的光电性能进一步提升和各功能层间的动态稳定界面,是未来研究重点.
Abstract
Today is an intelligent era with the rapid development of the Internet of Things(IoT),and novel human-machine interface(HMI)devices will greatly change people's lives.Devices based on silicon/metal materials can hardly meet the requirements of seamless integration for the long-term and stable interface,while optoelectronic polymer materials are becoming an ideal choice due to their lower Young's modulus and better intrinsic tensile properties.However,there are still challenges to achieving both efficient carrier transport and sufficient ductility in material design.This feature article discusses the innovations in devices for power supply,sensing,neural interface,display,and integrated HMI systems.It then analyzes the bottlenecks faced in terms of materials,devices,and integration.We also provide an outlook on the applications and prospects for HMI technologies.These devices include intrinsically stretchable organic solar cells(OSCs),organic thermoelectric generators(oTEGs),ion batteries,nanogenerators(NGs)and supercapacitors(SCs).They are ideal off-grid power sources for human-machine interface devices.Additionally,there are intrinsically stretchable organic photodetectors(OPDs),chemosensors,and thermosensors,which are ideal for light,chemical,and thermal sensing devices.Furthermore,there are intrinsically stretchable polymer multielectrodes arrays(MEAs)and organic electrochemical transistors(OECTs),which are ideal for detecting and transmitting electrical and electrophysiological signals,respectively.Then there are integrated display devices with excellent performance,including organic light-emitting electrochemical cells(OLECs/OLEECs),organic electrochromic displays(OECDs),organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs).Finaly,there are organic field effect transistors(OFETs),which are the basic components of organic integrated circuits.It shows that enhancement of the optoelectronic performance of stretchable conjugated polymers,and reliable interfaces between functional layers are the focus of future studies.
维普
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