目的 分析2021-2022年坪山区儿童伤害病例分布和流行特征,为儿童伤害预防控制提供依据.方法 通过收集2021-2022年坪山区伤害监测数据,采用x2、Post Hoc Testing等检验方法进行比较分析.结果 2021-2022年,坪山区共报告儿童伤害病例6 941例,占总报告病例数的20.58％.1～4岁儿童伤害场所倾向于家中(58.49％,AR=23.75),晚上(43.74％,AR=5.34),伤害原因倾向于跌倒/坠落(49.22％,AR=4.66)、烧烫伤(2.98％,AR=7.15).5～9岁儿童伤害场所倾向于学校与公共场所(26.55％％,AR=6.63)、公共居住场所(18.51％,AR=3.33),伤害原因倾向于动物伤(26.48％,AR=6.97).10～14岁儿童伤害场所倾向于学校与公共场所(31.39％,AR=10.81)、公路/街道(17.71％,AR=3.78)、体育和运动场所(12.20％,AR=15.66),伤害原因倾向于刀/锐器伤.上午伤害发生倾向于学校与公共场所(17.98％,AR=3.24),下午倾向于学校与公共场所(39.41％,AR=9.89)、体育和运动场所(37.50％,AR=3.52),晚上倾向于家中(46.49％,AR=10.17)、公共居住场所(46.07％,AR=5.44).结论 政府、机构、社区、家庭等应加快构建全社会共同参与的儿童伤害预防体系,共同营造儿童友好型家庭、学校、公共场所、运动场所、道路交通等环境,加强伤害预防教育,提高学生、监护人伤害预防意识和技能,从一级预防入手,有效降低儿童伤害的发生.
Epidemic characteristics of child injury cases in Pingshan District,Shenzhen,in 2021-2022
Objective To analyze the distribution and epidemic characteristics of child injury cases in Pingshan District from 2021 to 2022,and to provide evidence for the prevention and control of child injuries.Methods The injury monitoring data of Pingshan District from 2021 to 2022 were collected(x2and Post hoc testing were used for data analysis and comparison.Results From 2021 to 2022,a total of 6 941 child injury cases were reported in Pingshan District,accounting for 20.58％of the total reported cases.Children aged 1 to 4 years old tended to be injured at home(58.49％,AR=23.75)and at night(43.74％,AR=5.34),and the injury causes mainly were falls/drops(49.22％,AR=4.66)and burns/scalds(2.98％,AR=7.15).Children aged 5 to 9 tended to be injured in schools and public places(26.55％％,AR=6.63)and public living places(18.51％,AR=3.33),and the injury causes mostly were animal attacks(26.48％,AR=6.97).Children aged 10 to 14 tended to be injured in schools and public places(31.39％,AR=10.81),highways/streets(17.71％,AR=3.78),as well as sports and activity places(12.20％,AR=15.66),and the injury causes tended to be knife/sharp instrument injuries.In the morning,injuries mostly occurred in schools and public places(17.98％,AR=3.24).In the afternoon,injuries tended to occur in schools and public places(39.41％,AR=9.89)as well as sports and activity places(37.50％,AR=3.52),and in the evening,injuries mostly occurred at home(46.49％,AR=10.17)and in public living places(46.07％,AR=5.44).Conclusion Governments,institutions,communities,and families should speed up the construction of a child injury prevention system with the participation of the whole society,and jointly create child-friendly environments in families,schools,public places,sports places,and road traffic.At the same time,it is necessary to strengthen injury prevention education,improve the injury prevention awareness and skills of students and guardians,and effectively reduce the occurrence of children's injuries starting from primary prevention.
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