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若羌绿洲近55a气候变化基本特征

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利用1954~2008年若羌气象站年平均气温、年降水量、年平均地面风速、年沙尘日数和沙尘暴日数等资料,分析了近55 a若羌绿洲地面气候变化基本特征。研究表明:(1)近50 a来若羌绿洲各气象要素综合表现为显著的暖湿化趋势,其中年平均气温增温速率普遍为0.25℃/10 a,高于0.22℃/10 a的全国平均水平,与全球变暖的大背景相一致;(2)年降水量表现为小幅增加趋势,降水增加速率为6.5 mm/10 a,与新疆降水量增加的趋势一致;(3)年平均地面风速减小速率为0.08 m.s-1/10 a,主要是由于农林绿化的增加;(4)年沙尘日数、年沙尘暴日数都呈减少趋势,减少速率分别为21.6 d/10 a和4 d/10 a,与降水量增加、生态改善、气候的暖湿化有关;(5)若羌绿洲的气温、降水、地面风速、年沙尘日数用Mann-kendall方法检验分别在不同年份发生了不同程度的突变。结果指出若羌绿洲气候正在趋于暖湿化。
Climate Change Characteristic of Ruoqiang Oasis During Recent 55 Years
Some characteristics of climate change was obtained by analyzing annual mean temperature,annual precipitation,annual mean surface wind speed,annual dust days and sand storm days in Ruoqiang oasis during 1954-2008.The results are as follows:(1)The annual mean temperature presented increasing trend with the rate of 0.25 ℃/10 a,which was consistent with that of the other region of Xinjiang;(2)The annual rainfall also increased generally with the increasing rate of 6.5 mm/10 a;(3) The annual mean surface wind speed decreased but the trend was not obvious;(4)The annual dust and sand storm days decreased also with the rate of 21.6 d/10 a and 4 d/10 a;(5)There were some abrupt changes in annual temperature,rainfall,wind speed,dust and sand storm days in different years obtained from Mann-Kendall test.All these showed that climate in Ruoqiang oasis was becoming warm and wet.

Ruoqiang oasisclimate changeabrupt changechange trend

胡文峰、何清、金莉莉、赵聪敏

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新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,新疆乌鲁木齐830054/中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

中国气象局乌鲁木齐沙漠气象研究所,新疆乌鲁木齐830002

若羌绿洲 气候变化 突变 变化趋势

国家科技支撑计划公益性行业(气象)科研专项

2008BAC40B05-01GYHY201006012

2011

干旱气象
中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所 中国气象学会干旱气象学委员会

干旱气象

CSTPCD
影响因子:1.9
ISSN:1006-7639
年,卷(期):2011.29(3)
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