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江西省区域性高温和干旱过程分析与评估

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为深入探讨江西省高温和干旱特征,利用1959-2022年江西省81个国家气象观测站降水和气温资料,构建基于影响范围、持续时间和强度等要素的区域性高温、干旱过程综合评估指标,然后利用该指标对江西近64 a区域性高温和干旱过程,尤其是2022年高温干旱事件开展异常特征分析和评价,并据高温和干旱重合天数,定义高温干旱复合年.结果表明:近64 a内出现277(90)次区域性高温(干旱)过程,有37 a高温和干旱同时出现,其中22 a高温和干旱重合天数超10 d;2000年后高温和干旱年及高温干旱复合年增加尤为明显.2022年江西夏秋季日均气温和日最高气温均值均破1959年以来气象记录,出现5次区域性高温过程,共持续71 d,其中7月20日至8月30日高温过程综合强度达特重等级,为历史第一;6月下旬至11月中旬江西无雨日均值达124.1 d;持续高温少雨导致江西出现1959年以来第二强的气象干旱过程,仅次于2019年.
Analysis and assessment of regional high temperature and drought processes in Jiangxi Province
In order to make an in-depth study of the characteristics of high temperature and drought in Jiangxi Province,the assess-ment model for regional high temperature and drought processes was constructed based on daily precipitation and temperature data from 81 national meteorological stations in Jiangxi Province from 1959 to 2022,which included indicators such as influence range,pro-cess duration and intensity.And regional high temperature and drought processes in Jiangxi Province in the past 64 years,especially the abnormal characteristics of regional high temperature and drought processes in 2022 were comprehensively analyzed and evaluated.According to the coincidence days of hot and drought,the compound year of hot and drought was defined.The results show that 277(90)regional high temperature(drought)processes occurred in the past 64 years,and in 37 years the hot and drought processes ap-peared in the same year,and in 22 years high temperature and drought overlapped for more than 10 days.The increase of compound hot and drought years is particularly significant after 2000.The average daily temperature and the average of daily maximum temperature in Jiangxi Province in summer and autumn of 2022 were the highest at the same period since 1959.There were 5 regional high tempera-ture processes in the summer and autumn of 2022,which lasted for 71 days.The comprehensive strength of the high temperature pro-cess from July 20 to August 30 of 2022 reached extra heavy grade,which ranked the first in history.The average rainless days in Ji-angxi from late June to mid-November in 2022 reached 124.1 days.Persistent high temperature and little rainfall in summer and fall in 2022 led to continuous severe drought in Jiangxi Province,and the intensity of meteorological drought was the second severe drought process since 1959.

abnormal climate characteristicshigh temperature and droughtcomprehensive assessmentJiangxi Province

刘文英、孙素琴、朱星球、欧阳欣欣

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江西省气象科学研究所,江西 南昌 330096

江西省农业气象中心,江西 南昌 330096

江西省气象台,江西 南昌 330096

抚河水文水资源监测中心,江西 抚州 344000

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异常特征 高温干旱 综合评估 江西省

江西省气象局灾害风险普查项目江西省气象局灾害风险普查项目中国气象局气象能力提升联合研究专项江西省气象局项目江西省气象局项目江西省气象局项目

JX2022ZHFXPC02JX2022ZHFXPC0523NLTSZ004JX2020Z09JX2023Z04JX2023M11

2024

10.11755/j.issn.1006-7639(2024)-02-0187

干旱气象
中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所 中国气象学会干旱气象学委员会

干旱气象

CSTPCD
影响因子：1.9
ISSN：1006-7639
年,卷(期)：2024.42(2)
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