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敦煌月牙泉景区典型风沙天气的局地流场特征

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基于月牙泉周边5个气象观测点资料,对东北、南、西西南和北风过境时月牙泉周边风速和风向进行了研究.结果表明:年起沙风频率为16.67%,其中,西西南和东北方向的起沙风频次最大,分别占总起沙风频次的23.08%和17.52%;月牙泉所在的大泉湾地形走向为近东西方向,对过境气流的分流作用明显,有利于月牙泉南北两侧沙丘坡面沙物质的输移,维持坡面稳定;东北风对月牙泉南北两侧坡面沙物质的输移作用最大,故应该限制月牙泉东北方向绿洲的规模,减少大小泉湾处的高大建筑物及防风林,以保持月牙泉东北方向来流的强度不会减小;南风会导致月牙泉南侧沙垄北移,是最主要的有害风.
Local Flow Field Characteristics in the Crescent Spring Scenic of Dunhuang under Typical Windy and Sandy Weather
The research status show that it is very necessary to study local flow field of Crescent Spring Scenic systematically combined with the typical sandstorm weather process,so that we could not only find the evidence of Crescent Spring Scenic surrounding flow field change,but also provide theoretical foundation for protecting and rescuing the natural wonders.Based on the meteorological data of five weather stations around the Crescent Spring,the processes of NE,S,WSW and N wind were analyzed,and the results were as followed:the frequency of annual sand driving wind was 16.67 %,and the frequencies of sand driving wind in WSW and NE directions were highest,accounting for 23.08% and 17.52% of total sand driving wind,respectively.The big spring bay where the Crescent Spring located presented east-west direction,which could divert the airflow,promote the slip face sand transport at the north and south of the Crescent Spring,and maintain the stability of the dune surfaces.The northeast wind played the leading role in transporting slip face sand at the north and south of the Crescent Spring.Therefore,to maintain the strength of northeast wind,we should reduce the tall architectures and windbreaks,and limit the scale of the oasis at the northeast of the Crescent Spring.The southerly wind could cause the northward movement of longitudinal dune at the south of the Crescent Spring,and was the most harmful wind.

windy and sandy weatherwind fieldCrescent SpringDunhuang

庞营军、屈建军、牛清河、张克存、安志山、谢胜波

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中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室,甘肃兰州730000

中国科学院大学,北京100049

中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,敦煌戈壁荒漠生态与环境研究站,甘肃敦煌736200

甘肃省风沙灾害防治工程技术研究中心,甘肃兰州730000

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风沙天气 风场 月牙泉 敦煌

国家科技支撑计划项目国家自然科学基金国家自然科学基金

2012BAC08B074127102341371027

2015

干旱区研究
中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 中国土壤学会

干旱区研究

CSTPCDCSCD北大核心
影响因子:1.157
ISSN:1001-4675
年,卷(期):2015.32(4)
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