首页|1990-2023年新疆地表水体面积动态变化及其驱动因素

1990-2023年新疆地表水体面积动态变化及其驱动因素

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新疆拥有独特的山地-绿洲-荒漠生态系统,其中地表水体是维持生态平衡和支持区域经济社会发展的核心要素.本研究利用Landsat 5/7/8/9卫星遥感影像,运用混合指数算法对1990-2023年新疆地表水体面积进行计算,并分析其空间格局及变化特征.同时,采用地理探测器方法揭示了影响地表水体面积变化的因素.结果表明:1990-2023年新疆永久性水体面积增加了36.25%(2466.20 km2),主要由山地水体主导,特别是羌塘高原内陆河流域显著扩张,增加约三分之二(1149.58 km2);季节性水体面积则增长了181.90%(1924.84 km2),以绿洲-荒漠水体为主,其中塔里木河干流尤为突出,面积增加约两倍(344.92 km2).山地水体的变化主要受到气候因素的影响,其中雪水当量的平均贡献率最高,达到42.84%;而人类活动对绿洲-荒漠水体的影响则较大,人口密度和耕地的平均贡献率分别为64.10%和54.43%.本研究全面分析了新疆地表水体的时空变化特征及其驱动因素,为科学评估新疆水资源开发潜力及制定合理的水资源管理策略提供了一定的科学依据.
Dynamic changes and driving factors of surface water body in Xinjiang from 1990 to 2023
Xinjiang features a unique mountain-oasis-desert ecological system,in which the surface water body plays a crucial role in maintaining the ecological balance and supporting regional socioeconomic development.This study used Landsat 5,7,8,and 9 satellite remote sensing images and a mixed index algorithm to estimate Xinjiang's surface water area from 1990 to 2023 for analysis of its spatial patterns and changes over time.Geo-graphic detector methods were used to identify the factors influencing changes in the surface water area.The find-ings revealed that between 1990 and 2023,the area of the permanent water body in Xinjiang increased by 36.25%(2466.20 km2),driven primarily by the mountain water body.Notably,the inland river basins of the Qiangtang Plateau expanded significantly by approximately two-thirds(1149.58 km2).The seasonal water bodies,mainly consisting of the oasis-desert water body,also rose by 181.90%(1924.84 km2),with the mainstream Tarim River nearly doubling in area(344.92 km2).Changes in mountain water bodies were largely influenced by climatic fac-tors,with the snow water equivalent contributing the highest average rate(42.84%).In contrast,human activities had a more substantial impact on the oasis-desert water body,with population density and cultivated land exhibit-ing average contribution rates of 64.10%and 54.43%,respectively.This study provides a comprehensive analysis of the temporal and spatial changes in Xinjiang's surface water body and their driving factors,thereby offering critical scientific insights for assessing water resource development potential and formulating effective water re-source management strategies in the region.

surface water bodyLandsatmountain-oasis-desertclimate changeXinjiang

邹彬、邹珊、杨余辉

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新疆师范大学地理科学与旅游学院,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830054

中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所,荒漠与绿洲生态国家重点实验室,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830011

中国科学院大学,北京 10049

阿克苏绿洲农田生态系统国家野外科学观测研究站,新疆 阿克苏 843017

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地表水体 Landsat 山地-绿洲-荒漠 气候变化 新疆

2025

干旱区研究
中国科学院新疆生态与地理研究所 中国土壤学会

干旱区研究

北大核心
影响因子:1.157
ISSN:1001-4675
年,卷(期):2025.42(1)