首页|Health benefits from the rapid reduction in ambient exposure to air pollutants after China's clean air actions:progress in efficacy and geographic equality

Health benefits from the rapid reduction in ambient exposure to air pollutants after China's clean air actions:progress in efficacy and geographic equality

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Clean air actions(CAAs)in China have been linked to considerable benefits in public health.However,whether the beneficial effects of CAAs are equally distributed geographically is unknown.Using high-resolution maps of the distributions of major air pollutants(fine particulate matter[PM2.5]and ozone[O3])and population,we aimed to track spatiotemporal changes in health impacts from,and geographic inequality embedded in,the reduced exposures to PM2.5 and O3 from 2013 to 2020.We used a method established by the Global Burden of Diseases Study.By analyzing the changes in loss of life expectancy(LLE)attributable to PM2.5 and O3,we calculated the gain of life expectancy(GLE)to quantify the health benefits of the air-quality improvement.Finally,we assessed the geographic inequality embedded in the GLE using the Gini index(GI).Based on risk assessments of PM2.5 and O3,during the first stage of CAAs(2013 to 2017),the mean GLE was 1.87 months.Half of the sum of the GLE was disproportionally distributed in about one quarter of the population exposed(GI 0.44).During the second stage of CAAs(2017 to 2020),the mean GLE increased to 3.94 months and geographic inequality decreased(GI 0.18).According to our assessments,CAAs were enhanced,from the first to second stages,in terms of not only preventing premature mortality but also ameliorating health inequalities.The enhancements were related to increased sensitivity to the health effects of air pollution and synergic control of PM2.4 and O3 levels.Our findings will contribute to optimizing future CAAs.

clean air actionpublic healthinequalityfine particulate matterozone

Tao Xue、Ruohan Wang、Meng Wang、Yanying Wang、Dan Tong、Xia Meng、Conghong Huang、Siqi Ai、Fangzhou Li、Jingyuan Cao、Mingkun Tong、Xueqiu Ni、Hengyi Liu、Jianyu Deng、Hong Lu、Wei Wan、Jicheng Gong、Shiqiu Zhang、Tong Zhu

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Institute of Reproductive and Child Health,National Health Commission Key Laboratory of Reproductive Health/Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics,Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Epidemiology of Major Diseases(PKU),School of Public Health,Peking University Health Science Centre,Beijing 100191,China

State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Exposure,and Health Risk Management and Center for Environment and Health,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China

Advanced Institute of In

Department of Epidemiology and Environmental Health,School of Public Health and Health Professions,University at Buffalo,Buffalo,NY 14214,USA

State Key Joint Laboratory of Environment Simulation and Pollution Control,College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China

Department of Earth System Science,Tsinghua University,Beijing 100084,China

School of Public Health,Key Laboratory of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education,and Key Laboratory of Health Technology Assessment of the Ministry of Health,Fudan University,Shanghai 200433,China

College of Land Management,Nanjing Agricultural University,Nanjing 210095,China

National & Local Joint Engineering,Reseaich Center for Rural Land Resources Use and Consolidation,Nanjing 210095,China

Clean Air Asia,Beijing 100600,China

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National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaNational Natural Science Foundation of ChinaMinistry of Science and Technology of ChinaNational Institute of Environmental Health Sciences of the United StatesClean Air Asia

4217518242375179422933242022YFC3703000ES031986

2024

10.1093/nsr/nwad263

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ISSN：
年,卷(期)：2024.11(2)
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