首页|Three-stage niobium mineralization at Bayan Obo,China

Three-stage niobium mineralization at Bayan Obo,China

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The Chinese Bayan Obo deposit is a world-class rare earth element(REE)deposit with considerable niobium(Nb)and iron(Fe)resources.A complete genetic understanding on all metals is fundamental for establishing genetic models at Bayan Obo.With extensive research being focused on REE enrichment,the timing and controls of Nb enrichment remain unresolved at Bayan Obo,which is mainly due to the challenges in dating,i.e.multistage thermal events,fine-grained minerals with complex textures and the rare occurrence of uranium-enriched minerals with mature dating methods.Based on robust geological and petrographic frameworks,here we conducted ion probe uranium-lead(U-Pb)dating of ferrocolumbite to unravel the timing,hence the genesis of Nb mineralization.Three types of hydrothermal ferrocolumbites—key Nb-bearing minerals—are identified based on their textures and mineral assemblages.They yield U-Pb ages of 1312±47 Ma(n=99),438±7 Ma(n=93),and 268±5 Ma(n=19),respectively.In line with deposit geology,we tentatively link the first,second and third stage Nb mineralization to Mesoproterozoic carbonatite magmatism,ubiquitous early Paleozoic hydrothermal activity,and Permian granitic magmatism,respectively.While quantifying the contribution of metal endowment from each stage requires further investigation,our new dates highlight that multi-stage mineralization is critical for Nb enrichment at Bayan Obo,which may also have implications for the enrichment mechanism of Nb in REE deposits in general.

niobium mineralizationU-Pb datingferrocolumbiteBayan Obo

Yan Yu、Yang Li、Yu Liu、Xiao-Xiao Ling、Li-Guang Wu、Li Yang、Lan Yang、Bo Yang、Yong-Gang Zhao、Xian-Hua Li

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State Key Laboratory of Lithospheric Evolution,Institute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100029,China

College of Earth and Planetary Science,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences,Beijing 100049,China

Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Orogenic Belts and Crustal Evolution,School of Earth and Space Sciences,Peking University,Beijing 100871,China

Mining Research Institute,Baotou Iron and Steel(Group)Co.,LTD,Baotou 014010,China

State Key Laboratory of Baiyunobo Rare Earth Resource Research and Comprehensive Utilization,Baotou 014000,China

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国家自然科学基金国家自然科学基金Baotou Iron and Steel(Group)Co.,LTDInstitute of Geology and Geophysics,Chinese Academy of Sciences

9226230342325303GZ-2023-1-LH-001/002IGGCAS-201901

2024

10.1093/nsr/nwae063

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年,卷(期)：2024.11(4)
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