首页|Post-fire erosion and sediment yield in a Mediterranean forest catchment in Italy

Post-fire erosion and sediment yield in a Mediterranean forest catchment in Italy

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Wildfires are an increasingly alarming phenomenon that affects forests and agroecosystems,generating several cascade effects among which soil erosion is one of the most deleterious.A robust body of data-based evidence on post-fire soil erosion and sediment yield at the watershed scale is,thus,required,especially when dealing with areas where wildfires are particularly frequent,such as the Mediterranean basin.This study analyzes the impact of the first rains after a large wildfire in terms of soil erosion and sediment yield at the watershed scale in a Mediterranean area,the Pisan Mountains,central Italy.Here about 1,000 ha of olive groves,maquis,maritime pine,and chestnut forests,all on steep slopes,burned in 2018.Fire(or burn)severity was mapped by remote sensing and checked by a field survey.Sediment yield was assessed by sampling earthy materials deposited upstream of a check dam at the outlet of the studied watershed.Finally,a hydrological model was developed in the hydrologic engineering center-hydrological modelling system(HEC-HMS)environment to explore the relationship between the erosion-deposition events observed in the watershed and the rainfall-induced hydrological processes.The first two post-fire rainy events relocated a high mass of sediment,mostly non-organic and char-acterized by light color,perhaps already in the stream before fire,while the subsequent four rain showers deposited materials rich in pyrogenic organic matter.Overall,the soil erosion caused by these six major rainfall events-the larger of which had a return time of one year-was estimated to amount to 7.85 t/ha(0.26 mm in the watershed),corresponding to 42％of the watershed average annual potential erosion rate in unburned conditions.This value is lower than expected,and,overall,moderate if compared to other Mediterranean case studies,possibly because of the nature of soils in the watershed,i.e.,shallow and stony,thus,poor in fines prone to erosion.

WildfireCheck damsPost-fire hydrological modellingSoil lossSediment yieldHydrologic engineering center-hydrological modelling system(HEC-HMS)

Giovanni Mastrolonardo、Giulio Castelli、Giacomo Certini、Melanie Maxwald、Paolo Trucchi、Cristiano Foderi、Alessandro Errico、Elena Marra、Federico Preti

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Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Agrarie,Alimentari,Ambientali e Forestali(DAGRI),Università degli Studi di Firenze,Firenze,Italy

UNESCO Chair in Hydropolitics,University of Geneva,Genève,Switzerland

Environmental Governance and Territorial Development Hub(GEDT),University of Geneva,Genève,Switzerland

Department of Civil Engineering and Natural Hazards,Institute of Soil Bioengineering and Landscape Construction(IBLB),University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences,Vienna(BOKU),Vienna,Austria

Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems(IRET),National Research Council of Italy,Sesto Fiorentino(FI),Italy

Research Unit Water and Vegetation(WaVe),Università degli Studi di Firenze,Firenze,Italy

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Consorzio di Bonifica Basso Valdarno,Italy

2024

10.1016/j.ijsrc.2024.03.008

国际泥沙研究(英文版)
国际泥沙研究培训中心

国际泥沙研究(英文版)

影响因子：0.337
ISSN：1001-6279
年,卷(期)：2024.39(3)