A survey of timing-based side channel attacks and defenses
The designers of modern processors have proposed a variety of optimizations to pursuit extreme performace,yet they often underestimate the hidden security risk behind them.Timing-based side channel attacks are the most fa-mous type of security threats.With the emergence of transient execution attacks,the capability of timing-based side channel attacks is further extended so that the foundation of many upper defenses is shaken.To defeating these at-tacks,a large number of defenses have been proposed by processor vendors and developers.They have different protection scopes and performance overheads.Meantime,newer transient execution vulnerabilities and covert chan-nels are being discovered continuously to bypass these mechanisms.The war between attacks and defenses of tim-ing-based side channels is ignited.This work will introduce the principles of various attack and defense techniques,and review the protection scopes and performance overheads of the representative defense work.This work aims to provide a comprehensive roadmap for new hardware and software development,and also inspire the following securi-ty technology exploration.
microarchitecutretiming-based side channel attackcovert channeltransient execution attackspeculative executiondefense mechanism
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