Historical Evolution of the Nation-State and the Challenges
A review of the history of the formation and evolution of the nation-state reveals that the nation-state does not mean the state of a particular nationality,but a type of state that replaces the dynastic regime,whose essence lies in the fact that the nation possesses the sovereignty of the country and exercises it through state institutions.Therefore,the nation-state is a type of state institution embedded with the national factor,which has been adopted by many countries around the world and has become the dominant type of state in the world,and thus the referent of the concept of"modern state".After China overthrew the last feudal dynasty in the 1911 Revolution,it also replaced it with a nation-state system and completed the construction of the nation-state with the founding of the People's Republic of China.While the nation-state has been facing challenges since its emergence,challenges have reached an unprecedented level in the context of the erosion of national identity by the emergence of subjective identities in Europe and the United States in recent years.
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