Encouraging and supporting college students to participate in discipline competitions is one of the powerful means to cultivate comprehensive quality and innovative practical ability of college students.In this paper,the structural equation modeling is used to investigate the influence of learning motivation,achievement motivation,social motivation,and passive participation on the motivation of college students who participated in the 18th"Xingjin Challenge Cup"extracurricular academic science and technology competition in 2023.And then the study explains the factors and mechanisms of the motivation of college students in academic competitions.The study finds that learning motivation,social motivation,and passive participation all had significant positive effects on participation attitudes,with social motivation having the most significant positive effect on participation attitudes.Finally,relevant policy suggestions are put forward from the perspective of improving college students'willingness to participate in disciplinary competitions.