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论《民法典》中"新闻报道"与"舆论监督"之意涵

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《民法典·人格权编》中与传播相关条款的重要功能之一在于平衡民事主体人格权保护与新闻报道、舆论监督权利之间的关系.为了实现这一功能,理解法律意义上"新闻报道""舆论监督"的意涵十分必要.现有《民法典》释义本对这一问题语焉不详,留待许多讨论空间.结合民法体系解释与司法实践现状展开分析,在概念理解上,《民法典》中的"新闻报道"应当是关系政治方向、舆论导向与价值取向的内容,并且仅能由获得行政许可的主体发布或转载自这些主体,而"舆论监督"则是对原司法解释中"撰写、发表批评文章"的替换性表述.在司法适用中,则应当区分"新闻报道"与"舆论监督"行为,并注意并非所有"舆论监督"行为均出于公共利益目的.
Analysis of the Meaning of"News Reporting'and"Supervision by Public Opinion"in The Civil Code
In terms of communication provisions,one of the important functions of personality rights series in The Civil Code is to balance the protection of the personality rights of civil subject with the rights of journalism and public opinion monitoring.In order to realize this function,it is very necessary to understand the meaning of"news reporting"and"supervision by public opinion"in the legal sense.However,the existing Interpretation of The Civil Code is vague on this issue,leaving much room for discussion.Through the interpretation and judicial application of the civil law system,it is suggested that the connotation of"news reporting"shall be of political orientation,public opinion and values and is published by or reprinted from the subject of an administrative licence,while"supervision of public opinion"is a change from the old law's writing.This is a replacement for the wording of the old law"writing and publishing critical articles".In the judicial application,a distinction should be made between"news reporting"and"supervision by public opinion",and it should be made clear that some of the acts of"supervision by public opinion"are not done for the purpose of public interest.

The Civil Codenews reportingsupervision by public opinionpublic interestwe media

彭桂兵、丁奕雯

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华东政法大学传播学院

蓝天下(浙江)传媒集团有限公司

《民法典》 新闻报道 舆论监督 公共利益 自媒体

教育部人文社会科学研究规划基金

21YJA860010

2024

国际新闻界
中国人民大学

国际新闻界

CSSCICHSSCD北大核心
影响因子:1.141
ISSN:1002-5685
年,卷(期):2024.46(1)
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