How Do Humans Become"the Others"of Computers:Ableism Pitfalls in CAPTCHA Human-Computer Interactions
CAPTCHA seems to be a necessary procedure for users'registration,login,and conducting certain operations in current Internet environment.While critics have pointed out the barriers to identification and input that CAPTCHA design poses to special populations,extant studies rarely pay attention to the technological ontology of CAPTCHA and the relevant authentication mechanisms.CAPTCHA technology demonstrates a type of relational inversion of human-computer interaction:From being the technology of"the other",the computer has transformed itself into an examiner who asks questions of the human being,and has even begun to define and interrogate the nature of the human being,while the human being has metamorphosed from a"subject"into the"other"of the technology.This article draws on the philosophy of technology and the phenomenology of technology to discuss how the Reverse Turing Test intervenes in and influences human answers and practices to the question of"what is a human being".The article analyses the bodily and ableist presuppositions implicit in"I test,therefore I am"human-computer interactions,and uses real-life examples to reflect on the negative dialectics of ableism,which massively create human beings as technological"others".It further rethinks the bodily view of human-computer interaction by proposing"defects"and"connections"to demonstrate the possibility of dis-ableism in CAPTCHA.
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