New Challenges Confronting Energy Security during the Ongoing International Energy Transitions
The concept of energy security dates back to the first oil crisis.Originally centered on the security of oil supplies,this concept has been gradually expanded to include the safe use of energy,the security of energy demand,and the economics of energy.Recent years have witnessed progress around the world toward carbon neutrality and a growing trend of securitization in international politics.Correspondingly,the content and scope of energy security have been evolv-ing at a faster pace,introducing more types of risks.The 2021 energy crunch in Europe and many other parts of the world brought into limelight the energy insecurity caused by aggressive low-carbon transitions.Currently,achieving carbon neutrality remains a distant goal;whereas,new types of challenges in relation to energy security keep emerging,such as electricity security,energy cybersecurity,and critical mineral security.In particular,following the out-burst of the Ukraine crisis in 2022,the United States and its European allies persistently tightened sanctions on Rus-sian energy and accelerated their energy and economic decoupling from Russia.All this indicates that the current trend of Western countries headed by the United States politicizing and securitizing energy issues will further grow in the future,posing new challenges to international energy security.A combination of inter-twined challenges,both old and new,will render preserving energy security more difficult and,therefore,require the interna-tional community to update their concepts regarding energy security.Only in this way can we enhance the world's common secu-rity in the field of energy.
international energy tran-sitionenergy securitycarbon neutralitypoliticization of energy
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