Intelligent systems from a perspective of cognitive decision-making:Opportunities and challenges
Cognition represents the psychological process through which people perceive the objective world and the mind's understanding of objective entities and phenomena.The intelligent decision-making system from the cognitive perspective aims to harness the core advantages of human cognition and machine intelligence and bring them into to play,thus realizing the new ecology of intelligent decision-making.The rapid development of emerging technologies and the gradual maturation of intelligent system products have promoted the development of cognitive learning,significantly improved the efficiency of economic services and the transparency of the decision-making process,improved the understanding of the logic behind the system behavior,increased the trust of users,and tapped the potential value of decision-making models,making intelligent decision-making systems an indispensable part of modern life.In the decision-making process,the important components of the intelligent decision-making system include the processing of multimodal information,the construction of algorithms and the explanation of the reasoning process,as well as the interaction that occurs in the system adjustment and upgrade stage.These components are not only the focus of the intelligent decision-making system but also the key factors for promoting the transformation of the intelligent industry.Therefore,it is of great significance to study information fusion,cognitive computing and human-machine collaborative learning from a cognitive perspective.This paper conducts a systematic literature review combining quantitative bibliometric research and qualitative bibliometric research methods.Using the Web of Science Core Collection and the CNKI database as data sources,we collect the literature on topics related to intelligent systems and cognitive decision-making and define the research trends and frontiers in the field of intelligent decision-making.A comprehensive cognitive decision-making analysis is presented,focusing on the research progress of intelligent systems from three aspects:information fusion,cognitive computing,and human-computer interaction.From the perspective of cognition,this paper reviews the main cognitive representations in the intelligent decision-making process,analyzes the recent literature on intelligent decision-making systems,and discusses the challenges faced by cognitive decision-making in complex and uncertain environments,including information fusion technology,opacity,the human-computer interaction experience effect,and decision quality.Specifically,information fusion is one of the key steps in intelligent decision systems.The accuracy and reliability directly depend on the correct information fusion process.Although information fusion technology has been widely used in real life,it still faces challenges such as fault tolerance,robustness,functional models,system design and performance evaluation.Based on the characterization of information in open,dynamic,real-world environments and the modeling of human reasoning and interpretation mechanisms,big data aggregation from sources offers greater possibilities for understanding how cognitive computing works.In spite of this,cognitive computing still faces bottlenecks such as poor interpretability,difficulty in ethical alignment and weak cognitive reasoning ability.One of the goals of human-computer interaction technology is to be able to develop processes that promote harmonious cognition between people and systems.Cognitive mechanisms,such as planning,decision-making,and learning,are important components of the human-computer interaction process.At present,there are still challenges in the development of human-computer interaction,such as user experience,device support and technological advances,and intelligent decision-making.From the perspective that the sensing subject is either human or sensor technology,the concept of intelligent cognitive decision-making is proposed.In other words,the wide application of intelligent decision-making systems not only facilitates people's everyday life and productivity but also stimulates the rapid development of the economy and effectively addresses a number of urgent risks and challenges.The contributions of this paper include discussing the challenges and prospects of information fusion,algorithm interpretation and human-computer interaction in intelligent decision-making systems,providing theoretical support for the cognitive development of intelligent decision-making systems,and providing specific or general decision-making systems according to the heterogeneity and commonality of decision-making processes.The paper provides important implications for researchers,business managers and policy-makers in the fields of information systems,computer science,and management science.
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