Review and Prospect on Superhighway Design Standard
This paper summarizes and reviews the research status quo of concept and classification of superhighway,driving adaptability and human factors,geometric alignment design standard,roadside facilities design standard,traffic organization and administration,etc.The result indicates that when the maximum design speed of superhighway is 140-160 km/h,the idea of serving current demand for ordinary passenger cars speed increase through the speed-up reconstruction or new construction is more suitable for the current traffic development situation and demand.The research on adaptability,human factors and driving behavior of superhigh speed driving has not been systematically carried out.In terms of geometric alignment design standards,the research is generally carried out based on vehicle dynamics theory;however,due to different selected preconditions,the results are somewhat different.There is a lack of validation research based on adaptability,regularity and stability of drivers,and vehicles driving at super-high speed.There is a lack of research on basic rules of traffic flow and applicable traffic volume standards.There is a lack of research on facilities,e.g.,interchanges,tunnels,service facilities,safety facilities,and road conditions,which should be further carried out combining with human factors,driving behavior,and vehicle dynamics.There is a lack of research on traffic flow organization and administration methods.Under the current conditions,it is impossible to exclude the interference of other vehicles from the actual expressway.How to separate vehicles with different characteristics spatially,and ensure the exertion of superhigh speed function?That needs to be studied from the aspects of driving behavior rules,speed limit management,lane management,and vehicle type management,etc.Simultaneously,the research on bad weather management,emergency rescue management and daily maintenance management to ensure the normal functioning of superhigh speed should be strengthened.In terms of research methods,considering the adaptability,regularity,and stability of drivers and vehicles for superhigh speed driving,a large amount of research based on real vehicle experiments,driving simulation experiments,and other means should be supplemented.
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