认知评价视角下工作压力对员工幸福感的影响机制研究——工作反刍和特质正念的作用
A Research into the Mechanism of Job Stress'Influence on Employees'Wellbeing from the Perspective of Cognitive Evaluation—The Role of Work-related Rumination and Trait Mindfulness
冯星宇 1韩平1
作者信息
- 1. 西安交通大学管理学院,西安 710049;过程管理与效率工程教育部重点实验室(西安交通大学),西安 710049
- 折叠
摘要
本研究以压力认知交互理论与持续性认知理论为基础,引入工作反刍(问题解决沉思和情感反刍)与特质正念作为中间变量,基于 385 份纵向问卷的结构方程建模结果,得到如下结论:(1)员工对工作压力源同时产生挑战、阻断和威胁性评价.挑战性压力源主要引发挑战性评价,而阻断性压力源主要诱发威胁性评价.(2)挑战性评价引发了员工在非工作时间的问题解决沉思,阻断和威胁性评价则诱发情感反刍."压力源→认知评价→持续性认知→幸福感"的链式中介关系成立.(3)特质正念强化了员工对挑战性压力源的积极评价,减弱他们对该类压力源的负面评价,但员工对阻断性压力源的初步认知评价不受正念影响.(4)特质正念加快将员工对压力源的积极初步认知转化为积极持续认知,同时减缓他们对压力源的负面认知转化为负面持续性认知,最终有利于提高他们的幸福感.研究揭示了压力对幸福感的复杂作用机制,为管理者制定针对性的压力干预措施提供了启发.
Abstract
Drawing on the transaction theory of stress and perseverative cognition model,this paper introduces work-related rumination and trait mindfulness as intermediate variables.Based on 385 longitudinal questionnaire data analysis,this study finds the following re-sults.Individuals will have challenge,hindrance and threat appraisal on stressors.Challenging stressors mainly lead to challenge apprais-al,and hindrance stressors mainly lead to threat appraisal.Challenge appraisal positively predicts problem-solving pondering,while hin-drance and threat appraisal positively predict affective rumination.The chain mediating relationship of"stressor→cognitive appraisal→perseverative cognition → wellbeing"is established.Trait mindfulness enhances individuals'positive appraisal of challenging stressors and weakens individuals'negative appraisal of such stressors,but the cognitive appraisal of hindrance stressors is not affected by mind-fulness.Mindfulness can transform individuals'positive appraisal of stressors into positive perseverative cognition,and slow down indi-viduals'negative appraisal of stressors into negative perseverative cognition,which is ultimately conducive to improving wellbeing.The study reveals the complex mechanism of work stress'influence on employees'wellbeing,and provides inspiration for managers to formu-late targeted stress management strategies.
关键词
工作压力/工作相关反刍/幸福感/特质正念Key words
work pressure/work-related rumination/wellbeing/mindfulness引用本文复制引用
基金项目
国家自然科学基金面上项目(72271196)
国家自然科学基金面上项目(71671137)
出版年
2024
NETL
NSTL
万方数据