首页|6082铝合金的力学性能与热处理工艺的关系研究

6082铝合金的力学性能与热处理工艺的关系研究

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汽车工业的不断升级,对铝合金的性能和轻量化效果提出了更高要求.热处理是提高铝合金性能的有效方式之一,但如何获得最优的热处理工艺参数组合,成为行业亟需解决的问题.以6082铝合金型材前碰横梁为研究对象,系统深入研究了热处理工艺参数(固溶温度、固溶时间、时效温度、时效时间)对力学性能的影响,并建立了力学性能与热处理工艺参数的关系模型,并通过ESDB、SEM等手段分析了不同工艺参数下的微观形貌.结果表明,当固溶温度为530 ℃、固溶时间为1 h、时效温度为170 ℃、时效时间为6 h时,6082铝合金型材的力学性能最优,其屈服强度达313 MPa,抗拉强度达350 MPa,断后延伸率达13.21％;建立Y值(屈服强度、抗拉强度、断后延伸率)与关键工艺因子的关系模型,其中固溶温度对力学性能的影响最大;固溶温度为530 ℃时,晶粒尺寸最小,析出的细小Mg2Si相和Al(FeMnSi)相使力学性能最优,其拉伸断口主要为韧窝断裂.为铝合金型材热处理工艺的优化提供理论依据和实践指导.
Research on the relationship between heat treatment and mechanical properties of 6082 aluminum alloy
The continuous upgrading of the automobile industry has put forward higher requirements for the per-formance and lightweight effect of aluminum alloys.Heat treatment is an effective way to improve the perform-ance of aluminum alloy,but how to obtain the optimal combination of heat treatment process parameters is an urgent problem.In this paper,the influence of heat treatment process parameters(solution temperature,solu-tion time,aging temperature,aging time)on mechanical properties was systematically studied,and the rela-tionship model between mechanical properties and heat treatment process parameters was established.The mi-cromorphology under different process parameters were analyzed by ESDB and SEM.The results show that when the solution temperature was 530 ℃,the solution time was 1 h,the aging temperature was 170 ℃,and the aging time was 6 h,the mechanical property of 6082 aluminum alloy profiles was the best.The yield strength was 313 MPa,the tensile strength was 350 MPa,and the elongation after break was 13.21％.The rela-tionship model between Y value(yield strength,tensile strength,and elongation after fracture)and key process factors was established,in which the solution temperature had the greatest influence.When the solution tem-perature was 530 ℃,the grain size was the smallest,and the mechanical properties of the precipitated fine Mg2Si phase and Al(FeMnSi)phase were the best,and the tensile fracture was mainly the dimpled fracture.This paper provides theoretical basis and practical guidance for the optimization of heat treatment process pa-rameters of aluminum alloy profiles.

aluminium alloyheat treatmentmechanical propertiesrelational modelmicromorphology

高聪、兰莎、杨琴、谭召召、李佳、李铁虎

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重庆长安汽车股份有限公司汽车工程研究总院,重庆 410112

重庆工业职业技术学院电器工程学院,重庆 401120

重庆理工大学两江人工智能学院,重庆 401135

铝合金 热处理 力学性能 关系模型 微观形貌

重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项重点项目重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项重点项目重庆市技术创新与应用发展专项重点项目重庆市教委科学技术研究

csct2020jscxdxwtBX0023cstc2021jscxdxwtBX0022CSTB2022TIAD-DEX0011KJQN202203205

2024

10.3969/j.issn.1001-9731.2024.08.031

功能材料
重庆材料研究院 中国仪器仪表学会仪表材料学会

功能材料

CSTPCD北大核心
影响因子：0.918
ISSN：1001-9731
年,卷(期)：2024.55(8)