Flame synthesis and electrochromic properties of WO3/TiO2 nanocrystals
Pure WO3 and Ti doped WO3/TiO2 nanocrystals were synthesized by a self-designed flame spray com-bustion system,and the thin films were prepared by spin-coating method.The impact of Ti doping amount and annealing temperature on the electrochromic properties of the films were investigated by various characterization methods.The results show that Ti doping provides more active sites and increases the ion migration rate and conductivity.The maximum optical modulation of WTi-6 film at 633 nm is 67.11％,and the coloring efficiency is 1.7 times that of pure WO3 film.Meanwhile,the annealing treatment at 400 ℃ enhances the adhesion be-tween the WTi-6 films and the conductive substrate,and the electrochemical properties of the films and the re-versibility of Li+insertion/extraction on the films are improved.Correspondingly,the annealed WTi-6 films ob-tained a higher optical modulation range(76.05％),a faster response,and a shorter coloring time from the un-annealed 5.7 s and 10.4 s to 5.5 s and 8.2 s,and the coloring efficiency is increased to 82.20 cm2/C.Therefore,Ti doping modification and annealing process refinement through flame spray combustion improves the electro-chromic performance of WO3 thin films and expands the preparation process of WO3 nanocrystals,which has good application prospects.Therefore,Ti doping modification and annealing process refinement through flame spray combustion improves the electrochromic performance of WO3 thin films and expands the preparation process of WO3 nanocrystals,which has good application prospects.
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