春佳是以先锋为母本、龙冠为父本人工杂交选育的大果丰产型中晚熟甜樱桃新品种.果实近圆形,平均单果质量9.8 g,果皮紫红色,果肉红色,果汁颜色粉红,果顶平,果柄长度中等,粗度中等.可溶性固形物含量(w,后同)20.8％,可溶性糖含量14.52％,可滴定酸含量1.06％,维生素C含量12.6 mg·100 g 1,果肉脆硬,酸甜适口,品质极佳.树势健壮,树姿半直立,分枝力强,以花束状果枝和短果枝结果为主.春佳耐花期高温,丰产性和稳产性好,畸形果极少,商品果率高.在郑州地区,春佳盛花期在3月30-31日,成熟期在5月28日左右,果实生长发育期约58 d.春佳自花不实,S基因型是S1S9.
A new mid-late ripening sweet cherry cultivar Chunjia
Chunjia is a new mid-late ripening sweet cherry cultivar bred from a cross between Van and Longguan at Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute,CAAS.The breeding work started in March 2002,and mature hybrid fruits were collected from Van and stored in a 4 ℃ refrigerator for low-temperature strati-fication treatment.In the spring of 2003,the seeds were sown in the greenhouse and one hundred and twenty hybrid seedlings were planted successfully.In the spring of 2004,the seedlings were transplant-ed into the breeding nursery of Zhengzhou Fruit Research Institute.By the spring of 2007,most seed-lings started to bear fruits.The indicators of fruit were investigated for three years from 2008 to 2010,including maturity period,soluble solids content,titratable acid,fruit weight and fruit firmness.The off-spring numbered 22-55 was selected as a final superior strain for its big fruit,good taste and stable high yield.It was grafted on a ZY-1 semi-dwarf rootstock and planted in four different areas for variety eval-uation test starting from 2011.The variety was examined and approved by Henan Forest Tree Variety Evaluation Committee and named Chunjia in 2021.The tree is upright with strong growth vigor and branches.It has some characteristics including crack resistance,excellent storage capacity,wide adapt-ability,high temperature resistance during flowering,and flavor with enjoyable taste.The fruits of Chunjia fruits are round with flat fruit top,and dark red-skinned with glossy surface,and the average fruit weight is 9.8 g.The flesh is red with the pink juice,the soluble solid content is 20.8％,the soluble sugar content is 14.52％,the titratable acid is 1.06％,and the vitamin C content is 12.6 mg·100 g1.The fruit quality is excellent with rich flavor,crunchy flesh for storage and transportation,and a high com-modity fruit rate.In Zhengzhou,Chunjia flowers open on March 30-31,with a flowering period of about a week,and fruits mature in late May,with a fruit development period of about 58 days.Chunjia is a self-incompatible variety with the S-genotype S1S9,and the suitable pollinated varieties include Tieton,Chunlu,Milu,Santina,etc.Generally,grafted seedlings begin to bear the first fruits in the third year after being planted,and enter the full fruiting stage in the fifth year with a yield of over 1200 kg per 666.7 m2.
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